Epoch TOPICS CONTEXTS PERSPECTIVES ACTIVITIES METHODS FIGURES HELP TIME LINE Acknowledgements ACTIVITY 3 Exploring persepctives ACTIVITY 1 Using the timeline ACTIVITY 2 Using the biographies ACTIVITY 5 Using the figures, methods, perspectives, topics and context icons ACTIVITY 4 Exploring Topics Ainsworth Allport Baddeley Baron-Cohen Asperger Asch Binet Bartlett Bilig Belbin Bowlby Bruce Buss Cattell Ceci Byrne Bruner Bryant Cohen Cosmides Chomsky Cooper Charcot Conway Damasio Darwin Costa Dawkins Csikszentmihalyi Crick Erikson Eysenck Ekman Descartes Ebbinghaus Dennet Frith Freud Anna Freud Sigmund Falschung Fodor Festinger Goffman Gibson Goodall Galton Goldberg Gathercole Gregory Humphrey James Heider Janet Goodman Kahneman Lazarus Jung Kanner Klein Kelly Mayo McCrae Luria Loftus Lorenz Maslow Neisser Norman Morton Milgram Milner Mead Potter Plomin Piaget Pinker Penfield Pavlov Tajfel Sperry Skinner Saywitz Spears Rogers Triesman Turner Tulving Tooby Taylor Thorndike Weiskrantz Vrij Aldert Warrington Watson Vygotsky Tversky Wundt Zimbardo Whiten Wetherell You can check your answers against ours You can check your answers against ours You can check your answers against ours You can check your answers against ours You can check your answers against ours

Map Node Icon: TAJFEL.jpg Tajfel url anchor

Views:  FIGURES, TIME LINE, Allport, Bilig, Bruner, Spears, Turner, Wetherell

Reference Node Icon: TAJFEL.jpg  url anchor

Note Node Tajfel, Henri url anchor

Answer Node Influences on url anchor

Reference Node Icon: red-16.png Intra-group behaviour url anchor

ntra-group behaviour refers to the internal dynamics of groups, or the ways in which group members interact with one another. It has been studied from a number of perspectives, such as psychodynamic and experimental. url anchor
Views:  TOPICS, Goffman, Tajfel, Spears, Zimbardo

Map Node Icon: spears.jpg Spears url anchor

Views:  FIGURES, TIME LINE, Bruner, Tajfel, Turner, Zimbardo

Map Node Icon: TURNERJ.jpg Turner url anchor

Views:  FIGURES, TIME LINE, Festinger, Tajfel, Spears, Wetherell

Reference Node Icon: red-16.png Inter-group behaviour url anchor

Inter-group behaviour. This refers to how two or more groups behave in interaction with each other. Like intra-group behaviour, it has been studied from a range of perspectives. The broader term of inter-group relations is also part of the study of social identity. url anchor
Reference: red-16.png
Views:  TOPICS, Tajfel, Spears, Turner

Note Node Henri Tajfel (1919-1982) was born in Wloclawek, Poland just after the First World War. His father was a businessman. He attended secondary school in Wloclawek, but then left Poland at the age of 18 because Jews could not receive university education in Poland at that time. url anchor

Note Node He retired from Bristol in 1982 and moved back to Oxford, but died a few weeks later on May 3rd 1982 , aged 62 years. Tajfel's theories and research have had undoubtedly far-reaching influence. John Turner (1996) says of him: url anchor

Note Node It was this work that led to his interest in psychology. Tajfel studied part-time in Paris and Bruss els between 1946 and 1949, gaining a Certificate in General Psychology and a Diploma in Educational Science. url anchor

Note Node He used the experience of living under a false identity in terror of discovery to inform his later w ork, which developed into Social Identity Theory. John Turner (1996) says: url anchor

Note Node He was the second President of the European Association of Experimental Social Psychology (from 1969 -72). He was also the editor of the European Social Psychology Monographs and a member of the editorial board of the European Journal of Social Psychology, both of which were founded in 1971, during his term as president of the EASP. url anchor

Note Node Tajfel, H. (1978) Differentiation Between Social Groups, London, Academic Press. Tajfel, H., Billig, M., Bundy, R.P. and Flament, C. (1971) 'Social categorisation and intergroup behaviour', European Journal of Social Psychology, 1, 149-177. Written by: Course Team url anchor

Note Node 'The point he made was that no matter what his personal characteristics were or the quality of his personal relationships with the German guards, once his true identity had been discovered, it was that social category membership (of being Polish) which would have determined the reaction of the guards and his ultimate fate. His personal attributes and identity as a unique individual would have proved unimportant and irrelevant to their response.' url anchor

Note Node 'Tajfel was not the first to grasp the significance of categorization for social psychology… but he has certainly provided the clearest and most influential analysis of its relationship to perceptual accentuation phenomena, and more than anyone else is responsible for the increase in its explanatory significance in contemporary social psychology.' url anchor

Note Node His marriage to Anna Eber, a German-born woman whose family had settled in London, led to his move t o Britain, where his two sons were born. From 1951 to 1954 he studied for a degree in psychology at Birkbeck College, University of London, first part-time, then full-time after he won a very rare Ministry of Education scholarship for mature students for 1953-54. url anchor

Note Node He went to France and got his baccalaureat in Paris before studying Chemistry at Toulouse University and the Sorbonne between 1937 and 1939. He found that he was not interested in Chemistry and devoted himself to becoming bilingual and enjoying Parisian life. He remained keen on Paris throughout his life. url anchor

Note Node Main source: Turner, J. (1996) 'Henri Tajfel: An introduction', In W. Peter Robinson, P.W. (ed.) Social Groups and identities: Developing the legacy of Henri Tajfel, Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. url anchor

Note Node His commitment to these projects were because he believed that in order to understand human social life, it was crucial to include all human social experience from many cultures. url anchor

Note Node A great many now eminent British social psychologists did PhDs in Bristol and were influenced by Taj fel. These include Michael Billig; Rupert Brown; Susan Condor; Michael Hogg; Penelope Oakes; Steve Reicher; John Turner and Margaret Wetherell. url anchor

Note Node In 1939, before he could finish his degree, the Second World War began and Tajfel was called up to serve in the French army in November 1939. A year later, he was taken prisoner by the German army and was a prisoner in various prisoner-of-war camps in Germany and Austria from 1940 until the end of the war in 1945. url anchor

Note Node Other source: Sheehy, N.; Chapman, A. and Conroy, W. (eds) (1997) Biographical Dictionary of Psychol ogy, London, Routledge. url anchor

Note Node His work was characterised by a commitment to European psychology and his own recognition that his research and theories were all bound up with the deeply significant and traumatic events of the Holocaust. url anchor

Note Node He gained a first class degree then worked as a research assistant in Durham University and, in 1956 , moved to Oxford University, where he stayed as a lecturer in social psychology for 11 years. url anchor

Note Node In 1945, after War, Tajfel was released and discovered that his parents, his brother, various other relatives and indeed most people he knew had been killed – 'his social and cultural background had been wiped out' (Turner, 1996). url anchor

Note Node Tajfel stimulated research in cognitive, experimental social psychology, including the topics of: so cial perceptions; social categorisation; Social Identity Theory; intragroup and intergroup processes and speech accommodation theory. His publications include: url anchor

Note Node He did his PhD part-time at Birkbeck College. In 1957 he acquired British citizenship and published his first academic paper. He moved to Bristol in 1967 (a year in which he had a major heart attack) to become the first professor of Social Psychology at Bristol University. url anchor

Note Node For this reason, he was committed to developing a genuinely social psychology. From the early 1960s and for the rest of his life, Tajfel played a leading role in the development of European social psychology. url anchor

Note Node Throughout that time he had to pretend that he was a French Jew, rather than a Polish Jew, for which he would have been killed immediately. url anchor

Note Node He became a French citizen and for the next six years worked for organisations which tried 'with insufficient means to stem the flood of misery' (Tajfel, 1981). In these he organised training and education as part of the rehabilitation of refugees from several countries. url anchor

Note Node Tajfel, H. (1981) Human Groups and Social Categories: studies in social psychology, Cambridge, Cambr idge University Press. url anchor

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