Epoch TOPICS CONTEXTS PERSPECTIVES ACTIVITIES METHODS FIGURES HELP TIME LINE Acknowledgements ACTIVITY 3 Exploring persepctives ACTIVITY 1 Using the timeline ACTIVITY 2 Using the biographies ACTIVITY 5 Using the figures, methods, perspectives, topics and context icons ACTIVITY 4 Exploring Topics Ainsworth Allport Baddeley Baron-Cohen Asperger Asch Binet Bartlett Bilig Belbin Bowlby Bruce Buss Cattell Ceci Byrne Bruner Bryant Cohen Cosmides Chomsky Cooper Charcot Conway Damasio Darwin Costa Dawkins Csikszentmihalyi Crick Erikson Eysenck Ekman Descartes Ebbinghaus Dennet Frith Freud Anna Freud Sigmund Falschung Fodor Festinger Goffman Gibson Goodall Galton Goldberg Gathercole Gregory Humphrey James Heider Janet Goodman Kahneman Lazarus Jung Kanner Klein Kelly Mayo McCrae Luria Loftus Lorenz Maslow Neisser Norman Morton Milgram Milner Mead Potter Plomin Piaget Pinker Penfield Pavlov Tajfel Sperry Skinner Saywitz Spears Rogers Triesman Turner Tulving Tooby Taylor Thorndike Weiskrantz Vrij Aldert Warrington Watson Vygotsky Tversky Wundt Zimbardo Whiten Wetherell You can check your answers against ours You can check your answers against ours You can check your answers against ours You can check your answers against ours You can check your answers against ours

Map Node Icon: LURIA.jpg Luria url anchor

Views:  FIGURES, TIME LINE, Bryant, Freud Sigmund, Pavlov, Vygotsky

Reference Node Icon: LURIA.jpg  url anchor

Note Node Luria, Alexander url anchor

Answer Node Influences on url anchor

Reference Node Icon: yellow-16.png Working in Socientic Union url anchor

USSR (1917-1964). Following the revolutions of 1917, the USSR was, for a short time, a strong influence on the thinking and imagination of many contemporary Western intellectuals. However, following the death of Lenin, and with Stalin leading the country, psychologists working in the USSR became increasingly insulated from US and European intellectual influences. This led to the development of a unique approach to psychology, best represented by Vygotsky and Luria, that was broadly Marxist in intent, and stressed the interaction between people and culture. In recent years, these psychologists have enjoyed increasingly popularity beyond the USSR. Written by: Course Team url anchor
Views:  CONTEXTS, Luria, Pavlov, Vygotsky

Map Node Icon: Vygotsky.jpg Vygotsky url anchor

Views:  FIGURES, TIME LINE, Freud Sigmund, Luria

Reference Node Icon: red-16.png Stress url anchor

Stress.This can be seen as a long-lasting strain that has both physiological and psychological effects. Physiologically, the hormonal and nervous system changes caused by stress ultimately undermine the functioning of the immune system. Psychologically, stress can lead to chronic anxiety and reduce the capacity of the individual for coping with the demands of their life. The stress involved in a situation is a product both of the objective circumstances and the way the individual responds to them. Hence what is highly stressful for one individual, may be relatively unstressful, or even enjoyable, by another person. url anchor
Views:  TOPICS, Cooper, Lazarus, Luria

Note Node Luria (1902-1977) was born in Kazan, Russia of Jewish descent. He defied a parental wish that he sho uld read medicine in order to study Social Sciences. His fascination with psychology led him to found a psychoanalytical circle when still an undergraduate, though he later rejected Freud. url anchor

Note Node He is also acclaimed for his 30-year single-case study of the mnemonist 'S'. In this he combined ext ensive laboratory-type tests with records based on S's introspections about his methods. His study was additionally enriched by his clinical interest, which led him to relate the odd functioning of S's memory to his fragile integrity as a person. url anchor

Note Node He was dismissed from his post in 1950. This was probably because of what in communist USSR would ha ve been viewed as 'politically incorrect' opposition to Pavlov's rejection of mind and consciousness. Fortunately he was reinstated and thereafter published extensively in neuropsychology and neurolinguistics (the study of language disorders and their organic bases), and made many contacts in the West, before his death in 1977. url anchor

Note Node Written by: Member of the Course Team Sources: Gregory, R.L. The Oxford Companion to the Mind, Oxf ord, Oxford University Press; Luria, A.R. (1968) The Mind of a Mnemonist, New York, Basic Books. url anchor

Note Node He encountered Pavlov while conducting early experimental research into the effects of stress on hum an motor reactions. He admired Pavlov's physiological work, but could never accept his view that human behaviour could be reduced to reflexes and conditioned reflexes. url anchor

Note Node All of this took place spanning a time when both Western and Russian psychology were dominated by a narrow interpretation of the scientific method, a rejection of the relevance of introspective reports, and a refusal to engage with the workings of the human mind. In his methodological eclecticism and his acceptance of mind as a legitimate focus of psychological theory, and in common with his countryman Vygotsky, Luria was arguably many generations ahead of his time. url anchor

Note Node Luria is best known outside Russia for contributions in two areas. The first of these is his extensi ve work on the systematic description and assessment of language disorders and their basis in brain dysfunction. In this area Luria was an influential figure and much quoted figure in the foundation of modern neuropsychology. url anchor

Note Node In 1924 Luria found a kindred spirit in Vygotsky, who probably stimulated his interest in how brain damage and disease affect human intellectual capacities. After graduating in medicine, Luria developed sophisticated methods for the assessment and rehabilitation of individuals (particularly servicemen) with brain injuries. url anchor

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