Front Cover

    Preface [Full Text]
    Paul Kirschner, et al.

    Chapter One
    Simon Buckingham Shum

    Chapter Two
    Jan van Bruggen, et al.

    Chapter Three
    Gellof Kansellar, et al.

    Chapter Four
    Chad Carr

    Chapter Five
    Tim van Gelder

    Chapter Six
    Jeff Conklin

    Chapter Seven
    Albert Selvin

    Chapter Eight
    Robert Horn

    Chapter Nine
    Simon Buckingham Shum
    et al.

    Afterword
    Douglas Engelbart

    Index
 

 




Visualizing Argumentation: Software Tools for Collaborative and Educational Sense-Making.
Paul A. Kirschner, Simon J. Buckingham Shum and Chad S. Carr (Eds.)
Springer-Verlag: London
2003
ISBN 1-85233-6641-1
www.VisualizingArgumentation.info


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Index


Note: This alphabetical index is augmented with a categorised index which groups terms under broad categories that readers may find helpful.



Alphabetical Index [Categorised Index]

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Accountability, 32
ACT, 41
Action-learning teams, 152
Adoption, 117, 128, 130, 134, 139, 187, 195, 20
Aesthetics, 138, 154
Affordance, 37, 148
Allaire Forums, 54, 56, 57, 58
Answer reflex, 119
Aquanet, 18
Araucaria, 103
Argnoter, 14-15
Argumentation theory, 4
Argumentative design, 12, 18
Arpanet, 16
Artful questions, 121
Assumptions, 14-15, 29, 69, 78, 121, 153, 173
Asynchronous communication, 16, 17, 35, 36, 38, 54, 57-58, 126,
127, 130, 131, 132, 150
Athena, 103
Augmenting Human Intellect, 9
Author’s Argumentation Assistant (AAA), 18

Belvédère, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 60, 70, 71, 82, 91

Capturing discussions/decisions, 112, 124, 130, 133, 153, 162
    See also Design rationale
Chart Method, 4, 6
Claim, 8-9, 18, 165-76, 189, 191, 194
Closed questions, 121
Cognitive Coherence Relations theory, 188
Cognitive Load theory, 42-3
Cognitive overhead, 43, 44, 90, 91, 93, 119, 120, 192
Colab, 19
Collaborative learning, 4, 36, 55, 56, 69, 70, 71, 80, 91, 92, 93
Collaborative writing, 177
Collective intelligence, 137
Common information space, 126, 128
Communities of practice, 149, 185
Communities of purpose, 140
Compendium, 37, 93, 117, 122, 129, 135, 138-9, 153-5, 157-8, 162-3
Computer-mediated communication, 4, 16-18, 42, 52, 53, 54, 57, 68, 70
Computer-supported collaborative learning, 4, 37, 38, 42, 54, 71, 78
Concept mapping, 11, 192, 194, 195, 58
Consensus, 15, 31, 37, 79, 108, 109, 112, 114, 187
Constructivist theory, 11, 52
Continuity, 148
COSAR, 58
Craft skill, 19
Criteria, 14, 26-8, 30-1, 33, 36, 43, 125, 133, 134, 147, 151, 196
Criteria for using an argumentation approach, 151
Criteria for including argumentation moves in a map, 168-70
Critical thinking, 104
CROCODILE, 40, 41
CSILE, 16, 42, 53

Data, 4, 16, 26, 28, 30, 33-4, 38-9, 40, 45, 62, 64, 76, 78, 79, 86, 87, 89, 104, 106, 108, 129, 131, 138, 139, 147, 149, 162, 173, 188
Decision Representation Language, 18
Deliberation, 13, 15, 38, 97-114, 139
Delphi, 17
Depth of palette, 149
Design rationale, 15, 18, 19, 42, 43, 138
    See also Capturing discussions/decisions
Dialog Mapping, 13, 117-135, 145
Dialogue, 38, 42, 52-4, 64-6, 68- 71, 145, 153, 155, 157
Dialogue Games, 16
Difficult meetings, 108-13, 151
Digital libraries and eprint archives, 186
Dimensionality, 148
Displaying extensive argumentation on the web, 180
Document management, 131, 132
Dynamic Knowledge Repository, 207

EMISARI, 16
Engineering methodologies, 138
Ethics, 142
Evaluation state, 33-4
Evidence, 4-5, 6, 8, 32, 43, 45, 52, 99, 102, 104, 105, 107, 109, 118, 122, 126, 139, 147, 186, 190, 195, 202
    Legal, 76-88
Expertise, 162

Face-to-face group settings, 138
Facilitator, 37, 108, 109, 111, 137-163
Familiar/vernacular language, 146
File tracking, 126
First personal workstation, 10
Fluency, 19, 120, 128, 134, 191
Format, 8, 30-1, 101, 105, 106, 107, 110, 132, 139, 198

gIBIS, 15, 18, 29, 124
    See also Issue-Based Information System (IBIS)
Grammar, 118, 119, 123
Granularity, 143, 189, 192, 194, 198
Graph Theory, 196-8
Group deliberation (industrial dispute), 108

Hegelian Inquiry Process, 17
Historic debates, 167-170
HyperScope, 206
Hypertext, 5, 10, 13-16, 19, 117, 124, 126, 131, 132, 134, 139, 151, 161, 176, 188

Ill-structured problems, 25-8, 33-4, 36, 81
    See also Wicked problems
Improvement communities, 207
Information visualization, 196, 199, 201
Interdisciplinary argumentation, 181
Interweaving, 52, 162
Issue-Based Information System (IBIS), 13, 15, 18, 29, 41, 117-29, 131-4, 135, 138-9, 144, 189, 193, 194

Knowledge Forum, 16, 42

Large argument networks,
    Displaying on paper posters, 113, 167, 171
    Displaying on the web, 180
    Structuring, 173
    See also Information visualization
Leadership development, 152
Legal argumentation, 75-94
Legal reasoning, 75
Links, 10, 14, 17, 42, 60, 118, 119, 131, 139, 153, 158, 159, 161, 168, 171, 175-6, 177, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 202
Listening, 122, 143, 145
Living documents, 135
Logical chunking, 119

Manipulability, 146
Media, 38, 129, 145-50
Meetings
    Formal and structured, 150
    Informal and opportunistic, 150
Memex, 5-8
MEPA, 62-6
Metaphors in argument diagrams, 103
Modality, 40
Motivation, 125, 127
Multiple agents, 26, 28, 29, 30

NetMeeting, 54, 57, 58
NoteCards, 14, 18

oNLine System (NLS), 10
Operator, 26-36, 38, 41, 125
Organizational memory/learning, 124, 130, 132
Orientation state, 33

Permeability, 148
Perspective, 25, 29, 30, 34, 38, 39, 41, 43, 52, 54, 57, 69, 81, 106, 108, 159, 181, 186, 187, 202
Philosophical debate, 167
Process modelling, 138, 156-7
Precision, 14, 40, 43
Preservation, 147
Principles of facilitation, 140
Problem exploration, 152
Problem solving, 11, 25-44, 52, 53, 54, 128, 133, 92, 157, 159, 160
Pros and Cons, 13, 118, 120, 151, 158
Public policy, 166, 181
‘Putting something in the middle’, 145-6, 149

Questions, Options, Criteria (QOC), 18, 43
QuestMap, 29, 78, 79, 86, 87, 117-135, 139, 162

Reason!Able, 41, 42, 103, 105, 106, 107, 110
Reframing, 35, 147, 154, 155, 157
Repeatability, 148
Representational artifact, 38, 39
Representational effectiveness, 146
Representational sufficiency, 147
Requirements modelling, 139
Re-use of argumentation/knowledge, 35, 39, 94, 138, 154, 194
rIBIS, 18
Rigour, 147
Risk assessment/contingency planning, 157, 158, 159, 162

Scenarios, 99, 195
Scholarly argumentation, 8, 16, 165-83, 186-202
Scholarly publishing, 185
ScholOnto ClaiMaker, 183, 186-202, 207
Science Policy, 179
Semantic web, 185, 187, 200
Semi-structured model, 123
Sense-making, 37, 135, 139, 152, 163
SEPIA, 18
Shared display, 10, 122, 127, 134, 145, 146, 151, 153, 158, 162
Shared understanding, 32, 34, 54, 123, 128, 133, 141, 152
Short term memory, 121
SIBYL, 42
Solution state, 34, 36, 41
Specificity, 40, 43
Speech Act theory, 4
Speed of capture, 194
Stakeholder, 39
Storyspace, 15
Success factors, 125
Synchronous communication, 37, 39, 54, 57-58, 70, 97, 108, 110, 127, 130, 138, 150
Systems development, 151

Tame problems, 11
TC3, 58-61-2, 66, 70
Team-building, 152
Templates, 17, 158, 159, 160, 195, 196
Textnet, 18
TOPICS, 16
Toulmin Model, 8, 9, 15, 35, 39, 76-8, 79, 82, 83, 86, 87, 88, 89, 92, 187, 166-7
Tower of Hanoi, 27
Tracking action items, 130, 139
Training, 19, 85, 91, 92, 100, 106, 120, 125-9, 134, 138, 150, 163, 183, 189
Trust, 32-3, 36, 141, 142
Types of question, 119, 143

User interface, 125, 191

Validation, 135, 157, 161
Virtual shared space, 126, 150
Vision-logic, 140
Visual Explorer, 152

Well-structured problems, 27
Wicked problems, 11-13, 26, 29-30, 33, 41, 117, 119, 121, 133, 134, 202
World Wide Web, 45, 98, 134, 135, 139, 156, 157, 167, 174, 177, 179, 180-1, 183, 185, 187, 191, 192

Categorised Index [Alphabetical Index]

Acquiring Argumentation Skills
Applications
    Business/Workplace
    Design
    Policy Formulation
    Scholarly Reasoning
    Teaching/Learning
Argumentation Concepts
    General
    Questions
Argumentation Notations
Communities
Facilitated Argumentation
Meetings/Communication
Memory
Problem Solving Processes
Representational Issues
Sense-making
Software systems/technologies
Theories/Frameworks

Acquiring Argumentation Skills
    Adoption, 117, 128, 130, 134, 139, 187, 195, 20
    Craft skill, 19
    Expertise, 162
    Fluency, 19, 120, 128, 134, 191
    Motivation, 125, 127
    Training, 19, 85, 91, 92, 100, 106, 120, 125-9, 134, 138, 150, 163,     183, 189

Applications
    Business/Workplace
        Action-learning teams, 152
        Capturing discussions/decisions, 112, 124, 130, 133, 153, 162
            See also Design rationale
        Collective intelligence, 137
        Document management, 131, 132
        File tracking, 126
        Leadership development, 152
        Organizational memory/learning, 124, 130, 132
        Process modelling, 138, 156-7
        Re-use of argumentation/knowledge, 35, 39, 94, 138, 154, 194
        Risk assessment/contingency planning, 157, 158, 159, 162
        Success factors, 125
        Team-building, 152
        Tracking action items, 130, 139
    Design
        Argumentative design, 12, 18
        Design rationale, 15, 18, 19, 42, 43, 138
        See also Capturing discussions/decisions
        Requirements modelling, 139
        Systems development, 151
    Policy Formulation
        Public policy, 166, 181
        Science Policy, 179
    Scholarly Reasoning
        Interdisciplinary argumentation, 181
        Philosophical debate, 167
        Scholarly argumentation, 8, 16, 165-83, 186-202
        Scholarly publishing, 185
    Teaching/Learning
        Collaborative learning, 4, 36, 55, 56, 69, 70, 71, 80, 91, 92, 93
        Collaborative writing, 177
        Computer-supported collaborative learning, 4, 37, 38, 42, 54,         71, 78
        Critical thinking, 104
        Historic debates, 167-170
        Legal argumentation, 75-94
        Legal reasoning, 75

Argumentation Concepts
    General
        Accountability, 32
        Answer reflex, 119
        Assumptions, 14-15, 29, 69, 78, 121, 153, 173
        Claim, 8-9, 18, 165-76, 189, 191, 194
        Consensus, 15, 31, 37, 79, 108, 109, 112, 114, 187
        Continuity, 148
        Criteria, 14, 26-8, 30-1, 33, 36, 43, 125, 133, 134, 147, 151, 196
            for using an argumentation approach, 151
            for including argumentation moves in a map, 168-70
        Data, 4, 16, 26, 28, 30, 33-4, 38-9, 40, 45, 62, 64, 76, 78, 79,         86, 87, 89, 104, 106, 108, 129, 131, 138, 139, 147, 149, 162,         173, 188
        Deliberation, 13, 15, 38, 97-114, 139
        Dialogue, 38, 42, 52-4, 64-6, 68- 71, 145, 153, 155, 157
        Dialogue Games, 16
        Dimensionality, 148
        Evaluation state, 33-4
        Evidence, 4-5, 6, 8, 32, 43, 45, 52, 99, 102, 104, 105, 107, 109,         118, 122, 126, 139, 147, 186, 190, 195, 202
            Legal, 76-88
        Interweaving, 52, 162
        Perspective, 25, 29, 30, 34, 38, 39, 41, 43, 52, 54, 57, 69, 81,         106, 108, 159, 181, 186, 187, 202
        Precision, 14, 40, 43
        Preservation, 147
        Pros and Cons, 13, 118, 120, 151, 158
    Questions
        Artful questions, 121
        Closed questions, 121
        Types of question, 119, 143
        Reframing, 35, 147, 154, 155, 157
        Rigour, 147
        Stakeholder, 39
        Trust, 32-3, 36, 141, 142

Argumentation Notations
    Chart Method, 4, 6
    Decision Representation Language, 18
    Issue-Based Information System (IBIS), 13, 15, 18, 29, 41, 117-    29, 131-4, 135, 138-9, 144, 189, 193, 194
    Questions, Options, Criteria (QOC), 18, 43
    Toulmin Model, 8, 9, 15, 35, 39, 76-8, 79, 82, 83, 86, 87, 88, 89,     92, 187, 166-7

Communities
    Communities of practice, 149, 185
    Communities of purpose, 140
    Improvement communities, 207

Facilitated Argumentation
    Dialog Mapping, 13, 117-135, 145
    Ethics, 142
    Facilitator, 37, 108, 109, 111, 137-163
    Listening, 122, 143, 145
    Principles of facilitation, 140

Meetings/Communication
    Asynchronous communication, 16, 17, 35, 36, 38, 54, 57-58, 126,
    Difficult meetings, 108-13, 151
    Face-to-face group settings, 138
    Formal and structured meetings, 150
    Informal and opportunistic meetings, 150
    Synchronous communication, 37, 39, 54, 57-58, 70, 97, 108, 110,     127, 130, 138, 150

Memory
    Organizational memory/learning, 124, 130, 132
    Short term memory, 121

Problem Solving Processes
    Ill-structured problems, 25-8, 33-4, 36, 81
    Multiple agents, 26, 28, 29, 30
    Operator, 26-36, 38, 41, 125
    Orientation state, 33
    Problem solving, 11, 25-44, 52, 53, 54, 128, 133, 92, 157, 159, 160
    Scenarios, 99, 195
    Solution state, 34, 36, 41
    Tame problems, 11
    Tower of Hanoi, 27
    Well-structured problems, 27
    Wicked problems, 11-13, 26, 29-30, 33, 41, 117, 119, 121, 133,     134, 202

Representational Issues
    Aesthetics, 138, 154
    Affordance, 37, 148
    Cognitive overhead, 43, 44, 90, 91, 93, 119, 120, 192
    Criteria for using an argumentation approach, 151
    Depth of palette, 149
    Displaying extensive argumentation on the web, 180
    Familiar/vernacular language, 146
    Fluency, 19, 120, 128, 134, 191
    Format, 8, 30-1, 101, 105, 106, 107, 110, 132, 139, 198
    Grammar, 118, 119, 123
    Granularity, 143, 189, 192, 194, 198
    Large argument networks,
        Displaying on paper posters, 113, 167, 171
        Displaying on the web, 180
    Structuring, 173
        See also Information visualization
    Logical chunking, 119
    Manipulability, 146
    Media, 38, 129, 145-50
    Metaphors in argument diagrams, 103
    Modality, 40
    Permeability, 148
    ‘Putting something in the middle’, 145-6, 149
    Repeatability, 148
    Representational artifact, 38, 39
    Representational Issues (cont/d)
    Representational effectiveness, 146
    Representational sufficiency, 147
    Semi-structured model, 123
    Shared display, 10, 122, 127, 134, 145, 146, 151, 153, 158, 162
    Specificity, 40, 43
    Speed of capture, 194
    Templates, 17, 158, 159, 160, 195, 196
    Validation, 135, 157, 161

Sense-making
    Multiple agents, 26, 28, 29, 30
    Problem exploration, 152
    Sense-making, 37, 135, 139, 152, 163
    Shared understanding, 32, 34, 54, 123, 128, 133, 141, 152
    Wicked problems, 11-13, 26, 29-30, 33, 41, 117, 119, 121, 133,     134, 202

Software systems/technologies
    See also Asynchronous/ Synchronous communication
    ACT, 41
    Allaire Forums, 54, 56, 57, 58
    Aquanet, 18
    Araucaria, 103
    Argnoter, 14-15
    Arpanet, 16
    Athena, 103
    Author’s Argumentation Assistant (AAA), 18
    Belvédère, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 60, 70, 71, 82, 91
    Colab, 19
    Common information space, 126, 128
    Compendium, 37, 93, 117, 122, 129, 135, 138-9, 153-5, 157-8,     162-3
    Computer-mediated communication, 4, 16-18, 42, 52, 53, 54, 57,     68, 70
    Computer-supported collaborative learning, 4, 37, 38, 42, 54, 71,     78
    Concept mapping, 11, 192, 194, 195, 58
    COSAR, 58
    CROCODILE, 40, 41
    CSILE, 16, 42, 53
    Delphi, 17
    Dialog Mapping, 13, 117-135, 145
    Digital libraries and eprint archives, 186
    Dynamic Knowledge Repository, 207
    EMISARI, 16
    First personal workstation, 10
    gIBIS, 15, 18, 29, 124
        See also Issue-Based Information System (IBIS)
    HyperScope, 206
    Hypertext, 5, 10, 13-16, 19, 117, 124, 126, 131, 132, 134, 139,     151, 161, 176, 188
        Links, 10, 14, 17, 42, 60, 118, 119, 131, 139, 153, 158, 159,         161, 168, 171, 175-6, 177, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194,         196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 202
    Improvement infrastructure, 207
    Information visualization, 196, 199, 201
    Knowledge Forum, 16, 42
    Living documents, 135
    Memex, 5-8
    MEPA, 62-6
    NetMeeting, 54, 57, 58
    NoteCards, 14, 18
    oNLine System (NLS), 10
    QuestMap, 29, 78, 79, 86, 87, 117-135, 139, 162
    Reason!Able, 41, 42, 103, 105, 106, 107, 110
    ScholOnto ClaiMaker, 183, 186-202, 207
    Semantic web, 185, 187, 200
    SEPIA, 18
    Software systems/technologies (cont/d)
    SIBYL, 42
    Storyspace, 15
    TC3, 58-62, 66, 70
    Textnet, 18
    TOPICS, 16
    User interface, 125, 191
    Virtual shared space, 126, 150
    Visual Explorer, 152
    World Wide Web, 45, 98, 134, 135, 139, 156, 157, 167, 174, 177,     179, 180-1, 183, 185, 187, 191, 192

Theories/Frameworks
    Argumentation theory, 4
    Augmenting Human Intellect, 9
    Cognitive Coherence Relations theory, 188
    Cognitive Load theory, 42-3
    Constructivist theory, 11, 52
    Dialogue Games, 16
    Graph Theory, 196-8
    Hegelian Inquiry Process, 17
    Speech Act theory, 4
    Vision-logic, 140



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