Skeptic Arguments and What the Science Says Claims about adaptation Claims about IPCC Claims about the sun Claims about other planets Claims about greenhouse gas Claims about climategate Claims about consensus Claims about temperature data Claims about predictions Claims about oceans Claims about Greenland Claims about cooling Claims about historical precedent Miscellaneous claims Claims about sea level rise Claims about other effects Learn more about debate mapping Claims about CO2 missing citation Polar regions no reference given no citation Volcano related Human related

Map Node  Claims about oceans url anchor

Question Node  What are the ocean arguments? url anchor

Answer Node  It's Pacific Decadal Oscillation url anchor

Tags:  oceans, Pacific Decadal Oscillation

Pro Node  the cool phases [of the PDO] seem to coincide with the periods of cooling (1946-1977) and the warm phases seem to coincide with periods of warming (1905-1946, 1977-1998). url anchor

The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) is a temperature pattern in the Pacific Ocean that spends roughly 20-30 years in the cool phase or the warm phase. In 1905, PDO switched to a warm phase. In 1946, PDO switched to a cool phase. In 1977, PDO switched to a warm phase. In 1998, PDO showed a few cool years. Note that the cool phases seem to coincide with the periods of cooling (1946-1977) and the warm phases seem to coincide with periods of warming (1905-1946, 1977-1998). url anchor
Reference Node  http://motls.blogspot.com/2008/04/nasa-cool-pdo-regime-begins.html url anchor
Reference: http://motls.blogspot.com/2008/04/nasa-cool-pdo-regime-begins.html

Con Node  The PDO shows no trend, and therefore the PDO is not responsible for the trend of global warming url anchor

Reference Node  http://www.skepticalscience.com/Pacific-Decadal-Oscillation.htm url anchor
Reference: http://www.skepticalscience.com/Pacific-Decadal-Oscillation.htm

Answer Node  Ocean acidification isn't serious url anchor

Tags:  denial, ocean acidification, oceans

Pro Node  Our harmless emissions of trifling quantities of carbon dioxide cannot possibly acidify the oceans. url anchor

Our harmless emissions of trifling quantities of carbon dioxide cannot possibly acidify the oceans. Paper after paper after learned paper in the peer-reviewed literature makes that quite plain. Idso cites some 150 scientific sources, nearly all of them providing hard evidence, by measurement and experiment, that there is no basis for imagining that we can acidify the oceans to any extent large enough to be measured even by the most sensitive instruments url anchor
Reference Node  http://www.heartland.org/custom/semod_policybot/pdf/26709.pdf url anchor
Reference: http://www.heartland.org/custom/semod_policybot/pdf/26709.pdf

Con Node  Past history shows that when CO2 rises quickly, there was mass extinctions of coral reefs url anchor

Tags:  rapid increase, mass extinctions, Historical precedent, coral reefs, co2
Reference Node  http://www.skepticalscience.com/ocean-acidification-global-warming.htm url anchor
Reference: http://www.skepticalscience.com/ocean-acidification-global-warming.htm

Answer Node  It's El Niño url anchor

Tags:  oceans, ENSO, El Niņo

Pro Node   The available data indicate that future global temperatures will continue to change primarily in response to ENSO cycling, volcanic activity and solar changes. url anchor

Three Australasian researchers have shown that natural forces are the dominant influence on climate, in a study just published in the highly-regarded Journal of Geophysical Research. According to this study little or none of the late 20th century global warming and cooling can be attributed to human activity. The close relationship between ENSO and global temperature, as described in the paper, leaves little room for any warming driven by human carbon dioxide emissions. The available data indicate that future global temperatures will continue to change primarily in response to ENSO cycling, volcanic activity and solar changes. url anchor
Tags:  Journal of Geophysical Research, volcanoes, Sun, ENSO
Reference Node  http://www.climatedepot.com/a/2117/PeerReviewed-Study-Rocks-Climate-Debate-Nature-not-man-responsible-for-recent-global-warminglittle-or-none-of-late-20th-century-warming-and-cooling-can-be-attributed-to-humans url anchor
Reference: http://www.climatedepot.com/a/2117/PeerReviewed-Study-Rocks-Climate-Debate-Nature-not-man-responsible-for-recent-global-warminglittle-or-none-of-late-20th-century-warming-and-cooling-can-be-attributed-to-humans
Reference Node  http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2009/2008JD011637.shtml url anchor
Reference: http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2009/2008JD011637.shtml

Con Node  El Nino has no trend and so is not responsible for the trend of global warming. url anchor

Tags:  trend, global warming, El Niņo
Reference Node  http://www.skepticalscience.com/el-nino-southern-oscillation.htm url anchor
Reference: http://www.skepticalscience.com/el-nino-southern-oscillation.htm

Answer Node  Oceans are cooling url anchor

Tags:  cooling, oceans

Pro Node  Global warming, as diagnosed by upper ocean heat content has not been occurring since 2004.  url anchor

It is impossible to know if this lack of warming will continue but these observations are inconsistent with the predictions of long-term global climate predictions, such as reported in the 2007 IPCC report. url anchor
Reference Node  http://pielkeclimatesci.wordpress.com/2008/02/15/important-new-paper-by-willis-and-colleagues-on-sea-level-rise-and-ocean-heat-content-changes-published/ url anchor
Reference: http://pielkeclimatesci.wordpress.com/2008/02/15/important-new-paper-by-willis-and-colleagues-on-sea-level-rise-and-ocean-heat-content-changes-published/

Con Node  The most recent ocean measurements show consistent warming. url anchor

Tags:  warming trend, oceans
Reference Node  http://www.skepticalscience.com/cooling-oceans.htm url anchor
Reference: http://www.skepticalscience.com/cooling-oceans.htm

Answer Node  It's the ocean url anchor

Tags:  oceans

Pro Node  This small warming is likely a result of the natural alterations in global ocean currents which are driven by ocean salinity variations.  url anchor

These small global temperature increases of the last 25 years and over the last century are likely natural changes that the globe has seen many times in the past. This small warming is likely a result of the natural alterations in global ocean currents which are driven by ocean salinity variations. Ocean circulation variations are as yet little understood. Human kind has little or nothing to do with the recent temperature changes. We are not that influential. url anchor
Reference Node  http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/sci_tech/2000/climate_change/1023334.stm url anchor
Reference: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/sci_tech/2000/climate_change/1023334.stm
Tags:  Professor William M Gray

Con Node  The oceans are warming and moreover are becoming more acidic, threatening the food chain url anchor

Reference Node  http://www.skepticalscience.com/ocean-and-global-warming.htm url anchor
Reference: http://www.skepticalscience.com/ocean-and-global-warming.htm
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